Voting Rights Act
SCOTUS recently offered an opinion about the Voting Rights Act. “Section 4 of the Voting Rights Act is unconstitutional; its formula can no longer be used as a basis for subjecting jurisdictions to pre-clearance.” This requirement was applied to a collection of states, including Georgia.
The Voting Rights Act “requires that the United States Department of Justice, through an administrative procedure, or a three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia, through a declaratory judgment action “preclear” any attempt to change “any voting qualification or prerequisite to voting, or standard, practice, or procedure with respect to voting…” in any “covered jurisdiction.”
The decision has been widely denounced. Predictably, it is called racist. This feature takes the opinion that maybe the court made the correct ruling in this case. No one denies the importance of extending the vote to all qualified citizens. The question is whether the VRA is the best way to guarantee this right.
The states affected are mostly in the south. Perhaps, this oversight requirement should be extended to the entire country. Problems with restricting the vote have never been limited to the south. The expression gerrymandering was named for Elbridge Gerry, the Governor of Massachusetts.
The VRA has not stopped gerrymandering. If you look at the pictures in this post, you can see the bizarre results of district creation in Georgia. Every ten years, the congressional districts are re-drawn, subject to court approval. The courts have approved some strange districts.
Another question is just how fair the United States District Court, for the District of Columbia, is going to be. In trying to be fair to black voters, have white voters been treated unfairly? Is this really the best way to guarantee the right to vote?
The decision of the court is going to be debated. A new VRA may pass congress, hopefully with the concerns of the court taken into consideration. Black voters participate in great numbers now, and hopefully that will continue.
Pictures are from The Library of Congress.
Failed State Index
Fund For Peace is about to unveil The Failed States Index 2013. FFP takes 12 indicators, mixes them up with a secret formula, and produces a list of 178 countries. The worst country, with the 001 rank, is Somalia. 178 is Finland.
A blog called Musings On Iraq brought the FSI to the attention of PG. The country between the rivers is 011 this year, despite, or because of, the heavy American investment there. MOI does not deny the problems in Iraq, but questions the way FFP keeps score. When you start looking at the twelve indicators, compare the scores over the last few years, you eyes might start to glaze over.
“The most glaring scores however were for group grievances and security apparatus that went from 9.7 to 10.0 and 9.9 to 10.0 respectively. Obviously the insurgency is taking off again, but 10.0 was the score Iraq received when it was still in a civil war in 2007. Yes, violence is up, but it’s nowhere near the level it was at during the sectarian conflict when several thousands were ending up dead each month, the government largely shut down, and daily life was completely disrupted.”
The problems in ranking Iraq highlight some of the problems with a study like this. It is tough to really know what is going on across town, much less across the world. MOI describes Iraq in 2007 as a country in collapse. This was when Fox News told America that we were winning the war.
The bottom ten is dominated by Africa. The first Asian state to appear is 007 Afghanistan, another state with an intense American investment. 008 is Haiti, 011 is Iraq, and 013 is Pakistan. The rest of the bottom 20 is African.
The top ten is dominated by Scandinavia. 173 New Zealand is the top non European nation, with 169 Australia rounding out the top ten. The other eight top tens are European, with 170 Ireland ten spots ahead of 160 Great Britain. England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland are considered as one unit.
The way that 160 Great Britain was judged, as one unit, probably affected the score of that state. Another state like that is 067 Israel/West Bank. This apparently includes Gaza. The troubles in the Arab parts counterbalance the good life in the Jewish state.
We are in paragraph eight, and still have not discussed 159 United States. 168 Canada and 097 Mexico round out NAFTA land. The top Asian state is 158 Singapore, 152 Chile tops South America, and 121 Botswana is on top of continental Africa.
According to the Guardian, “The organisation that produces the index, the Fund for Peace, is the kind of outfit John le Carré thinks we should all be having nightmares about. Its director, JJ Messner (who puts together the list), is a former lobbyist for the private military industry. … The main reason is that the concept of the failed state has never existed outside a programme for western intervention. It has always been a way of constructing a rationale for imposing US interests on less powerful nations.”
Pictures are from The Library of Congress.
Pimping The Flag
PG looked in the front yard, and saw a small flag by the driveway. It had been left, with the business card of a realtor attached to the staff. PG was not pleased. He walked to the end of the driveway, looked north, and saw a young lady placing flags in front yards.
The same thing happened in July of 2012. PG sent an email to the offending realtor, and did not receive a reply. In May of 2013, PG found one of last years flags in a garbage can. It had been worn down by the elements. The red, white, and blue had been reduced to pink, gray, and lavender.
The offending flag was snatched out of the ground. PG walked north, and gave it back to the realtor. This is not an appropriate use of the flag. The realtor said she would be coming back to gather up any flags that fell to the ground. Whether or not this will happen remains to be seen.
The flag code is explicit on this issue. The flag should never be used for advertising purposes in any manner whatsoever. It should not be embroidered on such articles as cushions or handkerchiefs and the like, printed or otherwise impressed on paper napkins or boxes or anything that is designed for temporary use and discard. Advertising signs should not be fastened to a staff or halyard from which the flag is flown.
Lisa Jackson Is White
The New York Times did it’s liberal media duty Saturday with a story about Savannah, and the Paula Deen controversy. There were three curious words in paragraph four. “The predicament that Ms. Deen finds herself in began when a former employee — a white woman who is now managing restaurants in Atlanta — filed a discrimination lawsuit in March 2012.”
This thing has seemed, er, fishy from the get go. The restaurant industry is full of disgruntled former employees, few of whom are paragons of virtue. DFE worked in a restaurant partially owned by a famous person. It is uncertain how active the famous person was in the day to day operation of the restaurant. DFE has a lawyer, who gets famous person to say embarrassing things in a deposition. Somehow, this deposition is leaked to National Enquirer. And now we learn that DFE is white.
Confirmation of the ethnicity of DFE is tough to come by. Few pictures are available. You have to ask Mr. Google repeated questions. A law industry blog called Huseby (spell check suggestion:Houseboy) has a good story on the matter, with a couple of links.
The attorney for the plaintiff, Matthew Billips, has a few issues. “The case began with an “inflammatory letter seeking over a million dollars for forgo filing a lawsuit and allow Deen ‘a chance to salvage a brand that can continue to have value,’ ” Withers’ document said. (Tom Withers, attorney for Bubba Hiers, the brother of Paula Deen) In the motion to dismiss Billips, Withers quoted a tweet by Billips in which he said “suing Paula Deen is a hoot.” Withers also referred to a sexually laced tweet Billips directed at Deen “even more concerning.” In it, “Billips promises to symbolically undress and have sex with” Deen, Withers said. “Billips has posted sexually explicit tweets using extremely graphic and profane language and imagery. He has used the “N” word,” Withers’ motion said.”
Huseby links to an article in the ABA Journal that is downright fascinating. This feature confirms that Lisa Jackson, the DFE/plaintiff, is melanin deficient. The Deen-Hiers legal team has filed a motion, that is highly entertaining. Unfortunately, the pdf is not copy friendly, so the ABA summary will have to do. If you have the time to read the legal motion, you will enjoy it.
“The motion by lawyer Tom Withers says the plaintiff pursuing race-based claims has no standing to assert them because she is white, the Savannah Morning News reports. The plaintiff, Lisa Jackson, had claimed she was sexually harassed and worked in a racially hostile environment at a restaurant owned by Deen and her brother in Savannah, Ga. Withers represents Deen’s brother and the restaurant.
According to the motion, Jackson claimed she was offended because her nieces “are bi-racial with an African-American father.” But the motion says there is just one niece, and she is related to Jackson’s partner, who said in a deposition that the niece’s father is Hispanic and she hasn’t seen the girl in years…. “Jackson cannot enforce someone else’s right, and she has no actionable claim for feeling ‘uncomfortable’ around discriminatory conduct directed at others,” Withers wrote. Jackson must show that any harassment was directed toward her because she was white, but at her deposition she alleged she was treated more favorably than African American employees at the restaurant.” (Page 153)
Pictures are from “The Special Collections and Archives,Georgia State University Library”.
Citizenship Test
Atlantic Magazine online has a bit of amusement, Are You Smart Enough to Be a Citizen? Take Our Quiz. It is sponsored by Shell Oil, Prudential Insurance, and something called box. PG took the test.
It is thirteen questions, multiple choice. Some are the standards, like “6. How does a bill become a law?”. Some are creative, like the multiple choices for ” iconic American structures”. It would be interesting to see how many people answered Hoover Dam for a picture of the Gateway Arch. What this has to do with qualifying for voting and jury duty is a good question. (PG missed the Gateway Arch. He looked at the 20 available choices, and did not see the correct answer. Maybe the test of citizenship is looking carefully over long lists of options.)
Question 8 is strange. Pictures of the Supreme Court justices are shown, and the respondent is asked to match the picture with the name. Pictures of the Supremes are seldom shown. Even a fairly well informed person might have trouble telling Stephen Breyer from Anthony Kennedy. If you confuse Clarence Thomas for Ruth Bader Ginsburg, you automatically fail.
PG scored 58, meaning citizens attained, with distinction. The scoring is weird. You get one point for every election you voted in over the last 10 years. Georgia’s tradition of runoff elections got PG 5 extra points. 6 of the 9 Supremes were named correctly. The “civic text” question, and the “references” question, were passed without a hitch. It is good to know that Rosie the Riveter was not a 1984 Ronald Reagan campaign ad.
Pictures are from The Library of Congress.
Edward Snowden
Edward Snowden is in the public eye now. He told some journalists about a sleazy government-business connection. The former model is being attacked in the media. Could this be the plan?
One of his sources, Glenn Greenwald said on CNN “One of his big concerns with coming out, really his only one, was that he knows political media loves to dramatize and personalize things, and he was concerned that the focus would distract away from the revelations of about what our government was doing on to him personally …. The other problem is that whenever there’s whistleblower, someone who dissents from our political institutions, the favorite tactic is to try to demonize him and highlight his alleged bad personality traits. ”
Lets assume for a minute that few people are surprised that the government is spying on them. Perhaps the plan was to get this information out, and do so in a way that the focus is on the whistleblower rather than the message. This could take several forms. Mr. Snowden could be on the payroll, and will spend a well paid life in exile. Or, Mr. Snowden might be sincere, but was egged on by government personnel who wanted to get this story out in the open.
It should be noted that Chamblee54 does not know what he is talking about. This is rank speculation. Pictures today are from Gwinnett County. Mr. Snowden will probably not spend time in this facility. The spell check suggestion for Snowden is Snowmen. This is similar to straw man.
Pink Pony
About this time last year, PG was following the effort to create a city of Brookhaven. It was a nasty affair, with racially charged mailers, legal complaints, and enough mud slung to cover the Capital City Club . The effort passed, the city was created, and J. Max Davis elected mayor. PG was disgusted, and quit paying attention.
It turns out one of the first moves by the new city was a prohibition on “the serving of alcoholic beverages at a nude dancing establishment.” The intended victim of this move was a large dancing emporium known as the Pink Pony. The PP is one of the larger adult venues in the Atlanta area. The club can afford lawyers, and has filed suit against the city. The ban on alcohol sales will not be enforced until courts rule on the suit.
This lawsuit is going to be expensive to defend. While considering whether, or not, to create the new city, there was much speculation regarding finances. Some said the city was going to have enough money to operate. Some were renaming it Broke-haven. The studies that showed the new city could function used the revenue from the Pink Pony as part of the tax base. These studies probably did not consider the double whammy of losing that revenue, and fighting an expensive legal battle.
The Pink Pony is on Buford Hiway, at the southern fringe of the new city. Some say the boundaries were drawn to include this establishment. PP is in a business district, far away from the mansions of historic Brookhaven, and the mcmansions of Ashford Park. PP is down the hill from Cross Keys High School, which should enable teachers to get part time jobs as exotic dancers.
Pictures today are from “The Special Collections and Archives,Georgia State University Library”.
Metadata Only
During the discussion about the US government collecting “metadata only”, a quote has come up. The facebook comment read “The only comment I have on government spying on its own citizens is from Ben Franklin: “Those who can give up essential liberties to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty or safety.” Apparently metadata only does not include checking on the veracity of eighteenth century quotes. Fortunately, the internet can be helpful.
Before we move onto that, lets check the more current record. These days, when a public figure says anything, it is quoted verbatim. This does not stop mistakes, but it helps. The Washington Post printed a transcript of a press conference from those bouncing bipartisans Dianne Feinstein and Saxby Chambliss. The following two comments are from the Georgia lame duck.
“That’s been very clear all along through the years of this program. It is proved meritorious, because we have gathered significant information on bad guys, but only on bad guys, over the years. … The information that they’re really looking for is on the other end of the call. It’s: Are they in contact, is somebody in contact with somebody that we know to be a known terrorist? And that’s why it’s metadata only and it’s what we call minimized. All these numbers are basically ferreted out by computer, but if there’s a number that matches a terrorist number that has been dialed by a U.S. number or dialed from a terrorist to a U.S. number, then that may be flagged. And they may or may not seek a court order to go further on that particular instance. But that’s the only time that this information is ever used in any kind of substantive way.”
It should be noted that this is not a surprise to many of us. PG gave up during the Reagan administration. On the one hand, the government was conducting a war on drugs, with rights of citizens taken away to reduce demand for substances less dangerous than alcohol. On the other hand, drug importers were used to transport weapons to terrorists in Central America. It was really strange on the other side of the looking glass. It has only gotten worse in the last twenty six years.
Getting back to Ben Franklin, it seems that the quote may be, sort of, legitimate. This is more than can be said for some of Mr. Franklin’s children. Wikiquotes says: They who can give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety, deserve neither liberty nor safety. This was written by Franklin, within quotation marks but is generally accepted as his original thought, sometime shortly before February 17, 1775 as part of his notes for a proposition at the Pennsylvania Assembly, as published in Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Benjamin Franklin.
The quote is on page 270 of the memoirs. There was a discussion in the Pennsylvania Assembly on ways to solve the problems with England without a war. The quote is, indeed, a quote. While it is possible that Mr. Franklin said it, it does not appear to be in his writings. The line before the famous quote: “The Massachusetts must suffer all the hazards and mischiefs of war, rather than admit the alteration of their charters and laws by parliament”.
Pictures are from “The Special Collections and Archives,Georgia State University Library”.
The Eleven Rules
You have probably heard about “The speech Bill Gates gave at a High School”. PG saw an image on facebook, and the BS detector went off. When did he make the speech? What high school, in what location? Was this the same speech we heard about a few years ago, when Microsoft was being sued for antitrust violations? Are these questions fair? Rule 1: Life is not fair – get used to it!
These days, the answer is easy to find. Snopes is a friend of Mr. Google. The authoritative word is “misappropriated”. Bill Gates did not make a speech to a high school. Nor did Kurt Vonnegut. The eleven rules came from a newspaper column written by Charles J. Sykes. The column was published in the San Diego Union Tribune on September 19, 1996. The fourteen rules in that column were taken from a book, 50 Rules Kids Won’t Learn in School: Real-World Antidotes to Feel-Good Education.
“Charles J. Sykes is senior fellow at the Wisconsin Policy Research Institute and a talk show host at WTMJ radio in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.” “The Institute is guided by a belief that competitive free markets, limited government, private initiative, and personal responsibility are essential to our democratic way of life.” Mr. Sykes is probably not a liberal.
The eleven rules have been floating from one email address to another since the Clinton administration. Ann Landers has printed them several times. They have been the rest of the story for Paul Harvey. “The prize for misattribution, however, has to go to the Atlanta Journal and Constitution, which published the list twice in the space of three weeks in mid-2000, the first time crediting it to “Duluth state Rep. Brooks Coleman of Duluth,” and the second time to Bill Gates.” The footnotes say “Brack, Elliott. “Legislator Offers Teens No-Nonsense Advice.” The Atlanta Journal and Constitution. 14 June 2000 (p. J3).” and ” “Advice from the Experts.” The Atlanta Journal and Constitution. 2 July 2000 (p. R1).”
The book has fifty rules. The column has fourteen. These are the three rules left out of the emails.
Rule No. 12: Smoking does not make you look cool. It makes you look moronic. Next time you’re out cruising, watch an 11-year-old with a butt in his mouth. That’s what you look like to anyone over 20. Ditto for “expressing yourself” with purple hair and/or pierced body parts.
Rule No. 13: You are not immortal. (See Rule No. 12.) If you are under the impression that living fast, dying young and leaving a beautiful corpse is romantic, you obviously haven’t seen one of your peers at room temperature lately.
Rule No. 14: Enjoy this while you can. Sure parents are a pain, school’s a bother, and life is depressing. But someday you’ll realize how wonderful it was to be a kid. Maybe you should start now.
Maybe someone should take a critical look at these rules. If you get tired, and think this is negative, then you are free to skip ahead and look at the pictures, from The Library of Congress. The LOC is part of the big government in Washington. It is an very valuable resource. 
Rule No. 1: Life is not fair. Get used to it. The average teen-ager uses the phrase “It’s not fair” 8.6 times a day. You got it from your parents, who said it so often you decided they must be the most idealistic generation ever.
No argument here. This is a catch 22 whenever you find a contradiction in the rest of the rules.
Rule No. 2: The real world won’t care as much about your self-esteem as much as your school does. It’ll expect you to accomplish something before you feel good about yourself. This may come as a shock. Usually, when inflated self-esteem meets reality, kids complain that it’s not fair. (See Rule No. 1)
If you start to feel good about yourself, don’t worry. Between the church, radio talk shows, and back stabbing co workers, someone is sure to bring you down.
Rule No. 3: Sorry, you won’t make $40,000 a year right out of high school. And you won’t be a vice president or have a car phone either. You may even have to wear a uniform that doesn’t have a Gap label.
Conservative rules for living do not age well. Today, everybody eating solid food has a cell phone.
Rule No. 4: If you think your teacher is tough, wait ’til you get a boss. He doesn’t have tenure, so he tends to be a bit edgier. When you screw up, he’s not going to ask you how you feel about it.
This is the rule that set off the BS detector. In the “real world”, it is not what you produce that counts. It is how well you kiss ass. If the boss is impressed by you, you can screw up from now until bankruptcy. Ditto if you are a minority, and the company is recovering from a lawsuit. LINF
Rule No. 5: Flipping burgers is not beneath your dignity. Your grandparents had a different word for burger flipping. They called it opportunity. They weren’t embarrassed making minimum wage either. They would have been embarrassed to sit around talking about Kurt Cobain all weekend.
Your grandparents had a different word for your dark skinned co worker.
Rule No. 6: It’s not your parents’ fault. If you screw up, you are responsible. This is the flip side of “It’s my life,” and “You’re not the boss of me,” and other eloquent proclamations of your generation. When you turn 18, it’s on your dime. Don’t whine about it, or you’ll sound like a baby boomer.
Fifty years ago, the parents of baby boomers said things like this. The younger generation is always going to hell, and somehow they manage to get it together. The baby boomers are the generation who was ordered to go to Vietnam and kill Asians. They said “hell no we won’t go”.
Rule No. 7: Before you were born your parents weren’t as boring as they are now. They got that way paying your bills, cleaning up your room and listening to you tell them how idealistic you are. And by the way, before you save the rain forest from the blood-sucking parasites of your parents’ generation, try delousing the closet in your bedroom.
Your parents got to be boring by listening to motivational speeches.
Rule No. 8: Your school may have done away with winners and losers. Life hasn’t. In some schools, they’ll give you as many times as you want to get the right answer. Failing grades have been abolished and class valedictorians scrapped, lest anyone’s feelings be hurt. Effort is as important as results. This, of course, bears not the slightest resemblance to anything in real life. (See Rules 1, 2 and 4.)
Teachers have a tough job. They are an easy target for criticism. Some of this whining is fair, even if life isn’t. Mr. Sykes has written several books lambasting the education system. There is a saying, those who can, do. Those who can’t, teach. Maybe this could be amended to say: those who can’t teach, whine about education.
Rule No. 9: Life is not divided into semesters, and you don’t get summers off. Not even Easter break. They expect you to show up every day. For eight hours. And you don’t get a new life every 10 weeks. It just goes on and on. While we’re at it, very few jobs are interested in fostering your self-expression or helping you find yourself. Fewer still lead to self-realization. (See Rule No. 1 and Rule No. 2.)
If you are the buddy of management, you sometimes take the afternoon off to play golf with a client. You go to conventions, while someone else works to produce. LINF
Rule No. 10: Television is not real life. Your life is not a sitcom. Your problems will not all be solved in 30 minutes, minus time for commercials. In real life, people actually have to leave the coffee shop to go to jobs. Your friends will not be as perky or pliable as Jennifer Aniston.
Life is not a motivational speech. Those after dinner platitudes are entertaining, and make you feel good about yourself. They have little to do with real life.
Rule No. 11: Be nice to nerds. You may end up working for them. We all could.
One more time, LINF. Regarding Rule No. 14:, this sounds like privilege speaking. If parents are human, they are possibly doing some very dirty things to their kids. This includes abusive religion, alcoholism, drug abuse, and conservative politics. The other kids can be pretty rough. Your preacher says you are going to hell. Since the real world does not care about your self esteem, you may be tempted to end your life. A smarmy list of rules is probably not going to help. This is a repost.
Fascism Test
After World War II, people wondered why so many other people agreed with the fascist dictators. Some “research” was done, and a book came out, The Authoritarian Personality (Studies in Prejudice). It was influential at the time, but is somewhat discredited today. The concept is that some people are more authoritarian than others. This mindset is also known as dogmatism and facsism.
A test was devised to determine a person’s tendency to authoritarianism. The most popular version on google is at the Anesi website. It is named for Chuck Anesi, who apparently is the blog perpetrator. He focuses on fascism, and has a helpful companion page, What is Fascism? Seventy years after the Third Reich, fascist has become a meaningless insult. Terms like Islamo-fascist are tossed around, without much thought as to whether or not they make sense.
The F scale test here is 30 statements. You choose from six answers to each. They are 1-Disagree Strongly, 2-Disagree Mostly, 3-Disagree Somewhat, 4-,Agree Somewhat, 5-Agree Mostly, 6-Agree Strongly. The more that you agree, the more fascist you are.
When PG took the test, his score was 2.6. This means “you are a liberal airhead”. The other possible scores were: Less than 2 – A whining rotter. 2 to 3 – A liberal airhead. 3 to 4.5 – Within normal limits; an appropriate score for an American. 4.5 to 5.5 – You may want to practice doing things with your left hand. 5.5 or higher – Have trouble keeping the lint off your black shirts?
Here are the thirty statements: [1] Obedience and respect for authority are the most important virtues children should learn.[2] A person who has bad manners, habits, and breeding can hardly expect to get along with decent people. [3] If people would talk less and work more, everybody would be better off. [4] The business man and the manufacturer are much more important to society than the artist and the professor. [5] Science has its place, but there are many important things that can never be understood by the human mind. [6] Every person should have complete faith in some supernatural power whose decisions he obeys without question. [7] Young people sometimes get rebellious ideas, but as they grow up they ought to get over them and settle down. [8] What this country needs most, more than laws and political programs, is a few courageous, tireless, devoted leaders in whom the people can put their faith. [9] No sane, normal, decent person could ever think of hurting a close friend or relative. [10] Nobody ever learned anything really important except through suffering. [11] What the youth needs most is strict discipline, rugged determination, and the will to work and fight for family and country. [12] An insult to our honor should always be punished. [13] Sex crimes, such as rape and attacks on children, deserve more than mere imprisonment; such criminals ought to be publicly whipped, or worse. [14] There is hardly anything lower than a person who does not feel a great love, gratitude, and respect for his parents. [15] Most of our social problems would be solved if we could somehow get rid of the immoral, crooked, and feebleminded people. [16] Homosexuals are hardly better than criminals and ought to be severely punished. [17] When a person has a problem or worry, it is best for him not to think about it, but to keep busy with more cheerful things. [18] Nowadays more and more people are prying into matters that should remain personal and private. [19] Some people are born with an urge to jump from high places. [20] People can be divided into two distinct classes: the weak and the strong. [21] Some day it will probably be shown that astrology can explain a lot of things. [22] Wars and social troubles may someday be ended by an earthquake or flood that will destroy the whole world. [23] No weakness or difficulty can hold us back if we have enough will power. [24] It is best to use some prewar authorities in Germany to keep order and prevent chaos. [25] Most people don’t realize how much our lives are controlled by plots hatched in secret places. [26] Human nature being what it is, there will always be war and conflict. [27] Familiarity breeds contempt. [28] Nowadays when so many different kinds of people move around and mix together so much, a person has to protect himself especially carefully against catching an infection or disease from them. [29] The wild sex life of the old Greeks and Romans was tame compared to some of the goings-on in this country, even in places where people might least expect it. [30] The true American way of life is disappearing so fast that force may be necessary to preserve it. Pictures are from “The Special Collections and Archives,Georgia State University Library”. HT to Backstory Radio. This is written like Mario Puzo.
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