Rachel Maddow
Rachel Maddow is a great concept. The hard hitting lesbian overcame a blonde childhood to become the MSNBC news lady. Unfortunately, the reality does not always live up to the image.
@maddow “Patients overdosing on ivermectin backing up rural Oklahoma hospitals, ambulances” “‘The scariest one I’ve heard of and seen is people coming in with vision loss,’ he said.” The tweet links to a story: “A rural Oklahoma doctor said patients who are taking the horse de-wormer medication, ivermectin, to fight COVID-19 are causing emergency room and ambulance back ups.“There’s a reason you have to have a doctor to get a prescription for this stuff,” said Dr. Jason McElyea.”
… Dr. Jason McElyea is not an employee of NHS Sequoyah … Dr. McElyea has not worked at our Sallisaw location in over 2 months. NHS Sequoyah has not treated any patients due to complications related to taking ivermectin. This includes not treating any patients for ivermectin overdose….” The story is a lie. Rolling Stone, who first broke the story, has issued corrections. @maddow has not.
A month before the 2016 election, a story began to spread: The KKK endorsed Donald Trump. When I began to research a blog post about this tall tale, an article at the Washington Post appeared to be the origin. An enthusiastic co-promoter was Rachel Maddow.
By this time, it was obvious that Ms. Maddow saw her job as helping Hillary Clinton get elected. Unfortunately, by November 2016, this meant piling on as much negativity as possible. It is possible that public revulsion at this overkill helped Mr. Trump win the Electoral College. This tendency towards overkill is on full display in her campaign against IVM.
August 27 saw Ms. Madcow Ms. Maddow goes full blue anon against IVM. It should be noted that, despite the fire breathing polemic by Ms. Maddow, the side effects of IVM are not serious. There is evidence of IVM being an effective treatment for covid. (one two)
“… several outlets are reporting what the America’s Frontline Doctors fiasco appears to have morphed into now is a scam to market horse paste, to market livestock deworming and anti-lice medicine to people who believe, that for some reason, they shouldn’t take the COVID vaccine. To people who believe there is a cure for COVID. There must be a cure for COVID but the man is trying to keep it secret but you can find it at a veterinary clinic. And, OK, maybe we said it was hydroxychloroquine before, that was the cure. But we’re not talking about that anyone now we say it’s ivermectin.”
“So, they moved on, from warning you about the reptile people and the threat of the demon spawn, careful who you have sex within your sleep, because you never know. They moved on from that, to promoting hydroxychloroquine as the secret cure to COVID. And when that petered out, they kept up the scam, telling people definitely do not take the vaccine, because the vaccine will kill you, and don’t wear a mask. And now they are telling people to pay them a considerable amount of money to take this potentially dangerous and also worthless drug.”
“It has been promoted inexplicably by the popular podcaster Joe Rogan, for some reason. Okay? It has also been promoted by the snake oil online sales folks who brought you the threat of demon sperm and alien DNA, with the endorsement of then President Donald Trump.”
“NBC reporter Ben Collins has plunged into that slimy underworld of how this stuff is being promoted and sold and weaponized against the ill. He joins us next. Stay with us.”
“One of the big groups pushing disinformation about this drug is a pro-Trump anti-vax group called America’s Frontline Doctors . Their founder was arrested after allegedly participating in an attack on the capital on January 6th. And while promoting ivermectin as a cure for COVID is something of a standard Fox News primetime segment these days, the misinformation and promotion of it turns out to be a lot bigger online, particularly in gigantic Facebook groups I had no idea existed. But they have created a whole ecosystem to push this stuff and to support people’s decision to use it, instead of, say, getting vaccinated.” Pictures today are from The Library of Congress.
More Complicated Than People Think
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Ivermectin: enigmatic multifaceted ‘wonder’ drug continues to exceed expectations
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Recomiendan uso de Ivermectina para combatir la covid-19 en Honduras
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does being dewormed with #ivermectin protect horses from #COVID ?
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“Now is the time to use ivermectin,” said Haruo Ozaki, Tokyo Metropolitan Medical Association.
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ivm india ~ ivm trust issues ~ 9,10 ~ maddow ivm ~ ca election
“An Imperfect Conflagration” ~ you tube sound ~ dr. ronda hampton ~ melania ~ mary shotwell little
midtown ~ maddow ~ implosion ~ hey jackass ~ morbid library
gregg leakes ~ rogan vice ~ rogan ig ~ rogan ~ nobel lecture
nobel lecture ~ george jones ~ tmc ~ stripe ~ edge scam ~ sussanah salter
ivermectin ~ ivermectin ~ Stromectol ~ noah berlatsky ~ covid stats ~ douglas co. arrests
Comparing SARS-CoV-2 natural immunity to vaccine-induced immunity: reinfections versus breakthrough infections ~ Taking equine ivermectin is not a good idea. The dosage levels are too high for humans. However, Ivermectin has shown remarkable value as a treatment for tropical diseases. There should be more research into its use as a treatment, and prophylactic, for Covid 19. The horse paste jokes need to stop. ~ Modelling the impact of ivermectin on River Blindness and its burden of morbidity and mortality in African Savannah: EpiOncho projection ~ Although the initial clinical trial studies that investigated the effects of a single standard dose (150 μg/kg) of ivermectin have shown no evidence of a macrofilaricidal action[38, 39], multiple doses of ivermectin over several years may have a cumulative adverse effect on the fertility and/or longevity of adult worms[17, 29, 40–42] ~ Irish-born biologist William Campbell has jointly won the 2015 Nobel Prize for Medicine for his work in the discovery of Ivermectin ~ Review of the Emerging Evidence Demonstrating the Efficacy of Ivermectin in the Prophylaxis and Treatment of COVID-19 ~ Are you sure you want to view this community? This community is quarantined This community is quarantined: For medical advice, please consult your physician. Additional resources available at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Are you certain you want to continue? ~ “Now is the time to use ivermectin,” said Haruo Ozaki, chairman of the Tokyo Metropolitan Medical Association. ~ Tokyo’s Medical Assoc. Chairman holds press conference recommending Ivermectin to all COVID patients ~ AMA, APhA, ASHP Call for Immediate End to Prescribing, Dispensing, and Use of Ivermectin to Prevent or Treat COVID-19 Outside Clinical Trials ~ “…the real Mae West ~ Meet The Censored: Ivermectin Critic David Fuller If Internet algorithms can’t tell the difference between criticism and advocacy, what’s safe to report? Why one filmmaker believes “YouTube is unfit for the purpose for hosting journalism.” ~ @GrantHinkle Over 3 billion doses of #Ivermectin prescribed in Africa. Must be a lot of cows and horses there. ~ i put a pick in my pocket. i went looking for something that rhymes with pocket, but the pickins were slim. I could choose rocket, but that might be too explosive for a peaceful pocket. a lamp socket can illuminate the affair, but a pocket will likely not be involved. then there is the pick pocket. a pick can be physical, like a tooth pick or a guitar pick. However, without the identifying adjective, pick, singular, unlike pickins, can be a verb, or a noun that you can’t put in your pocket. it is now, blessedly, football season. you can make your pick, of who will either win the game, or win the game by an adequate point spread. you can pick crops at harvest time. and, you can put the pick revenue in your pocket, but not the pick itself, you can de-booger your nose. you probably don’t want to put that in your pocket, nor are your pockets large enough to hold your relatives. you can pick your nose, but you can’t pick your relatives. pockets are not appropriate for either activity. ot to be picky, but pick is a word that changes meaning easily. a picky pocket is someone who only steals out of designer britches. the picky pocket is not likely to be very productive. it is not a career choice i would pick. ~ pictures for this labor day digital cookout are from The Library of Congress. ~ selah
Was Mae West A Man?
August 17 is birthday 128 for Mary Jane “Mae” West. Of course, she died in 1980, so the party is off. PG saw a note on facebook, and made the comment “She was rumored to be a man.” One right click google search later, this post started to take shape. This is a repost.
There is a blogspot site, maewest.blogspot.com. It is still published. Five years ago there was a post, Mae West: Penis Rumors. It seems as though Miss West liked to say, to the press, “When I die, you are going to be very surprised!”
A hollywood gossipmonger had a story, Was Mae West…A Man?! Much of her information comes from the tasteful findadeath site. The story here is that Mae West died in 1950, and the death was kept quiet. Her brother made appearances in her place, until the final death in 1980. This would have been quite a feat, considering that John Edwin West died in 1964. That doesn’t stop people from talking.
“…the real Mae West died somewhere around 1950, give or take a couple years, and rather than let the show stop, it was announced that not Mae, but her brother, died. Of course, the brother then became Mae West and carried on until November 1980. If you look carefully at photos from around 1950 on it definitely looks like a different person not to mention the big hands and masculine features, bone structure, etc. I may not have all the details 100% correct but I would almost put money on the fact that the ‘Mae West’ ‘who died in 1980 had a weenie!!”
The hands were mentioned by Raquel Welch. The two were in Myra Breckinridge, the first movie Miss West had made in 27 years. (Miss West appeared on Mr. Ed in 1964.) Miss Welch appeared at a film festival in 2012, and had stories to tell.
“When I went over to say hello to her (one day) I said, ‘Hi, it’s Raquel, remember?’ She sort of extended her hand to me and I went to kiss the ring and one false fingernail painted silver fell to the floor. I looked at the hand and I thought, ‘Oh, I’m getting a vibe.’ I really think she’s a man! At this point in her life all bets are off and you’re not going to be able to doll it up that much. I would say it’s pretty accurate that she resembled a dock worker in drag.” …
“I had this beautiful dress and it was black with a big white ruffle around the neck and a black velvet hat … Apparently Mae got wind of the fact that I was wearing this exquisite dress and I went to the studio that day for our scene together. I got coiffed, got my hair done and went to the closet to get the dress and it wasn’t there. I asked my dresser what happened to the dress and she said, ‘It’s been confiscated. Mae does not want you to wear that dress. You can wear the red dress that you wore in the last scene!’ … Welch was so outraged that she stormed off the set and refused to return until the dress was back in her closet. … “For the scene, we never appeared in a two-shot together. She left after she did her lines and I had someone off-camera reading her lines and I had to pretend she was there.”
Pictures from “The Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University Library”.
Ivermectin Part Two
The horse-dewormer circus moves right along. The media/government/google reaction is unchanged, even as more people find out inconvenient details. If you set the search parameters to 2018, before covid was a thing, you will see a few different things. Part one of this series is available.
Ivermectin: enigmatic multifaceted ‘wonder’ drug continues to exceed expectations (15 February 2017) “Over the past decade, the global scientific community have begun to recognize the unmatched value of an extraordinary drug, ivermectin, that originates from a single microbe unearthed from soil in Japan. … Satoshi Ōmura … (received) the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, … with a collaborating partner … William Campbell, of Merck & Co. Today, ivermectin is continuing to surprise and excite scientists, offering more and more promise to help improve global public health by treating a diverse range of diseases, with its unexpected potential as an antibacterial, antiviral and anti-cancer agent being particularly extraordinary.” The news that Irish discoverer of Ivermectin jointly wins Nobel Prize for medicine was a surprise.
“The potential value of ivermectin in human medicine was not overlooked. I had always insisted that our written departmental objectives would include the development of new drugs for control of parasites in humans.” Apparently, IVM was initially developed for use in livestock. However, uses for humans started to emerge. It is unlikely that a single-use horse dewormer would win the Nobel Prize.
A key question in this discussion: Is Ivermectin safe for humans? This assumes that an appropriate dosage is administered. A 2018 report has one answer. The multitargeted drug ivermectin: from antiparasitic agent to repositioned cancer drug “In humans it is considered that ivermectin generates low levels of toxicity because its targets are confined within the CNS. Indeed, most patients treated with ivermectin have no side-effects other than those caused by the immune and inflammatory responses against the parasite, such as fever, pruritus, skin rashes and malaise , and when present, they appear within 24-48 h after treatment. Certainly, moderate symptoms … may be more related with the microfilarial load in the patient rather than with the intrinsic toxicity of ivermectin.”
“Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them. Side effects are usually not serious and do not last long.” ~ “Is Ivermectin Safe? The short answer is yes. … Ivermectin is a drug well tolerated by humans, but this doesn’t mean that you can take it as if it were water. … it’s still medicine, and you should be very careful (with any drug) … There are side effects that can include headache, muscle aches; dizziness; nausea, diarrhea; or mild skin rash. … .”
So what is the appropriate dosage? You have to dig a bit to find out. As always, a medical professional should make the call on dosage. (Can a physician be trusted to give a good answer, seeing the pressure to use another treatment?) “… Stromectol may be used alone or with other medications. … “Dosage Guidelines for STROMECTOL (ivermectin) for Strongyloidiasis. The chart shows a proper dose, in 3 mg tablete, per body weight. 15-24 kg – 1 tablet, 25-35 kg – 2 tablets, 36-50 kg – 3 tablets, 51-65 kg – 4 tablets, 66-79 kg – 5 tablets, ≥ 80 kg – 200 mcg/kg.”
Doctor/patient trust is taking a beating. Physicians are apparently under pressure not to prescribe IVM. These trust issues also extend to the media. These two headlines are typical. Rand Paul has a *very* wacky theory about ivermectin Clamoring for ivermectin, some turn to a pro-Trump telemedicine website Even Fox News is playing along. Joe Rogan treats COVID-19 with ivermectin – but FDA, CDC warn against its use for coronavirus. When you have pharmaceutical advertisers, you do as you are told. (This rant by Rachel Maddow is noteworthy.)
Joe Rogan Says He Has COVID, Is Taking Ivermectin “I feel great,” the host declared, unconvincingly. … Joe Rogan, the UFC commentator and podcast host, has come down with COVID-19, he announced on Instagram. He said he’s treating the illness with, among other things, ivermectin, the unproven treatment beloved by anti-vaccine activists and right-wing politicians.” The big news this week is Joe Rogan using IVM to treat covid. Joe is well connected for illicit substances, and probably does not go to a feed store. The media reaction has been about what you expect.
@DRobertaLacerda “This is…unexpected… Tokyo’s Medical Associate Chairman holds live press conference recommending #ivermectin to all doctors, for all Covid patients. Japan’s government is one of the most conservative and cautious in the world. Data is clear Huge news.” When you ask google for more information, you are sent to reddit. “Are you sure you want to view this community? This community is quarantined: For medical advice, please consult your physician. Additional resources available at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Are you certain you want to continue?” Pictures today are from The Library of Congress.
William McKinley
One hundred years before nine eleven, President William McKinley was near death. He had been shot September 6, 1901. Medicine at this time was primitive compared to today. During surgery after the shooting, the bullet was not removed. The University of Buffalo makes this comment: “Dr. Mann and the others were neither trained trauma surgeons nor did they bother with disinfection, not even wearing gloves. The first bullet had done little harm; the second entered McKinley’s abdomen. The physicians used improperly sanitized probes and when Mann could not find the bullet, he closed the incision without draining the wound. It was a fateful decision.”
After surgery, the President was taken to the home of John Milburn. He seemed to be recovering, but took a turn for the worse and died September 14, 2001.
President McKinley had been shaking hands at a reception. The meet and greet was at the Academy of Music, as part of the Pan American Expostion in Buffalo, New York. A letter to “The Nation” has this viewpoint. “Whatever other results may flow from the assassination of President McKinley, let us hope that that object-lesson may be sufficient to put an end to our national habit of promiscuous handshaking in public. It is hard to conceive of a spectacle more fatuous and less edifying than that of a horde of country bumpkins, criminals, cranks, idlers, and curiosity-mongers standing in line waiting for a chance to grab and squeeze the hand of the unhappy Chief Executive of this country.”
There were anarchists in 1901, who had murdered several European leaders. Several of McKinley’s advisors did not think the reception was a good idea, and forced him to have extra security. A writer in the Buffalo Courier observed on September 5 “The surrounding of President McKinley by a body-guard of detectives when he appears in public, is probably as distasteful to himself as it is to abstract American sentiment, but as long as the earth is infested by malevolent cranks and unreasoning Anarchists, the precaution is entirely proper.”
A young man named Leon Czolgosz (pronounced CHOL gosh) managed to wait in line with a concealed weapon. He was seen to shoot President McKinley. He was immediately captured, and executed October 29, 1901.
Lew Rockwell speaks of a rivalry between John Rockefeller and J.P. Morgan. Rockefeller man McKinley was replaced by Morgan supporter Roosevelt, who promptly began to break up the trusts. Another historian, connected to Lyndon LaRouche , speaks of British interests, and the rise of Confederate power. McKinley was a target of media superstar William Randolph Hearst. An editorial printed in the April 10, 1901 Journal asserted that “If bad institutions and bad men can be got rid of only by killing, then the killing must be done.”
Some say that a murder one hundred fifteen years ago does not affect us today. However, an argument could be made that the death of McKinley set in motion events that led to the establishment of the Federal Reserve System, and American participation in World War I. Both of those events have had effects lasting until today.
It is curious how President McKinley is mostly forgotten today. Some say he was most popular President since Lincoln . McKinley had been a wartime President, who won. His successor, Teddy Roosevelt, is on Mount Rushmore, and is a superstar President. Mr. Roosevelt also ran as a third party candidate in 1912, and helped to elect Woodrow Wilson. (Mr. Wilson was alleged to be a member of the “Omega Group,”rumored to be behind a McKinley conspiracy.) Mr. Roosevelt’s popularity is very different from the other three Vice Presidents who were promoted by the murder of the President. He was good at dealing with the press.
Pictures today are from The Library of Congress. This is a repost.
Greeted As Liberators
One thing that PG likes to do is investigate “things he has always heard”. With google, you can often find the source, and a few things more. Some urban legends are tough to trace, often because they don’t exist. Others pop up 575k results is .49 seconds. This is a repost.
The myth PG was chasing was the notion that government officials said our army “will be greeted as liberators” in Iraq. On March 16, 2003, Vice President Dick Cheney was on Meet the Press.
MR. RUSSERT: If your analysis is not correct, and we’re not treated as liberators, but as conquerors, and the Iraqis begin to resist, particularly in Baghdad, do you think the American people are prepared for a long, costly, and bloody battle with significant American casualties?
VICE PRES. CHENEY: Well, I don’t think it’s likely to unfold that way, Tim, because I really do believe that we will be greeted as liberators. I’ve talked with a lot of Iraqis in the last several months myself, had them to the White House. The president and I have met with them, various groups and individuals, people who have devoted their lives from the outside to trying to change things inside Iraq. And like Kanan Makiya who’s a professor at Brandeis, but an Iraqi, he’s written great books about the subject, knows the country intimately,… The read we get on the people of Iraq is there is no question but what they want to the get rid of Saddam Hussein and they will welcome as liberators the United States when we come to do that.
There are a few things to say 18 years later. Why did the Vice President have this much power? The VP is supposed to dedicate buildings and go to funerals. Dick Cheney was clearly a very powerful man, and he was not elected to that job.
Mr. Russert, rest his soul, seems to have gotten one detail wrong. The conquest of Baghdad went smoothly, with relatively few American casualties. It was the occupation that would be “long, costly, and bloody… with significant American casualties.”
There probably were many Iraqis who welcomed the change, Clearly, Mr. Hussein had some enemies, and there were some who did see the invasion as liberation. There were others who did not. Players in other countries saw an opportunity to come to Iraq and make trouble. The regime that was changed had many employees, who were bumped out of jobs. “The people of Iraq” were no more a monolithic force, all acting the same way, as the people of America would be if they were invaded.
Even if the Americans were “greeted as liberators”, there would be many challenges. The country had no experience in dealing with democracy. The different ethnic groups did not like each other. Sunnis were seen as having been privileged, and many were looking to settle the score. It seems obvious that these problems were not anticipated.
There is a debate in The United States about the use of torture. It seems apparent that “enhanced interrogation” was used extensively in Iraq and elsewhere. The use of torture would seem to be an admission that we were not greeted as liberators.
Cross Keys
Mr. Bear “Speaking of obscure, do you remember the location of a restaurant downtown called the “Crosskeys”. There’s a photo of it in the Georgia State Library archives, but no notation of its location other than it appears to be near a big Gulf Oil lighted sign.” chamblee54 “I have seen that picture. There is a historic brass marker near Ashford Dunwoody and Johnson Ferry. Apparently there was some kind of trail crossing there called Cross Keys. Full disclosure: I went to Cross Keys High School. Nobody ever talked about what Cross Keys was. Google is not much help, except for an 1862 Battle of Cross Keys in Virginia.” This is a repost.
Some helpful person sent a couple of links, and soon PG was learning about Cross Keys… the militia district, not the school. Apparently, Cross Keys was centered around the intersection of Ashford Dunwoody and Johnson Ferry. The crossroads is a doozy… the two major thoroughfare are combined into a hundred yard stretch of asphalt, only to be separated again at an overworked red light. Both roads run between Peachtree and I285. One goes through pill hill, and the other leads to Perimeter Mall. None of this was going on when the Post Office was built in 1846.
“Historical records provide that the militia district of “Cross Keys” was established in 1827 and continued to be referenced as such at least as late as 1951. Prior to 1827 the only Federal post in the region was known as “Cross Keys,” and subsequently, “Old Cross Keys,” when the post moved to near current City of Chamblee just prior to Sherman’s March. … The area was increasingly settled by farming families during the first quarter of the 19th century. As land concessions were signed with the Creek (Muscogee) Nation between 1818 and 1821 more land was made available via grants to European settlers. While the mascots and symbols of “Indians” at Cross Keys High School are culturally inaccurate and reflect garb and headdresses of nomadic tribes of the mid and far west, it is a fitting and ironic tribute to the Muscogee Native Americans who long thrived on the same land…. The area remained primarily an agricultural community until the acquisition by the United States Army of a large tract of land in heart of the district in July of 1917. This tract became Camp Gordon, an infantry training and artillery cantonment. Part of that original 2,400 acres later became a Naval Air Station at the current site of Peachtree-DeKalb Airport.”
“There was a Cross Keys post office as early as 1846, when the postmaster was James A. Reeve.” A marker at Johnson Ferry and Ashford Dunwoody Road in Brookhaven gives this history for Old Cross Keys: “Ante-bellum crossroads settlement & post office, James Reeve (1792-1852) Post Master & merchant. Prior to 1864 the Post Office was removed to a point between Chamblee and Doraville where, name unchanged it was known as Cross Keys Post Office. To distinguish the one from the other, this place was called Old Cross Keys & was cited in Federal dispatches, maps & reports of military operations here in 1864. At this point, a brief contact was made between the marching columns of Dodge’s 16th and Schofield’s 23rd A.C. July 18, both enroute to Decatur from Chattahoochee River crossings.”
“Samuel House was one of the early settlers of this area, arriving in 1830. In 1850, he built a brick home that is now part of the Peachtree Golf Club. General Sherman spent the night at the home on July 18, 1864 and described it as “a brick house well known and near old Cross Keys.” … The name Cross Keys is referenced in Civil War records. Special orders from General James McPherson on July 16, 1864 instructs “The fifteenth Army Corps, Major General John A. Logan commanding, will move out from its present position at 5:30 a.m. tomorrow on the road leading to Cross Keys, following this road to a point near Providence Church, where he will take a left hand road (sometimes called the upper Decatur road, and proceed on this until he reaches Nancy’s creek, where he will take up a good position on each side of the road and go into bivouac.”
Major General William T. Sherman also issued orders on July 18. At the 15:00 mark of this lecture, the speaker quotes a dispatch to Gen. James Birdseye McPherson. “I am at Sam House’s, a brick house well known, and near old Cross Keys … a sick negro is the only human being left on the premises … we are eleven miles from Atlanta, five from Buckhead, and the signboard says ten miles to McCaffrey’s bridge and eleven to Roswell.” Four days later, Gen. McPherson was killed, in what is now East Atlanta Village.
There is little indication about why this area was called Cross Keys. In 1827, this was the middle on nowhere. “The symbol of the “crossed keys” itself traces to early Christian representations of the “keys to the Kingdom of Heaven and Earth” famously offered by Jesus to Peter according to Matthew 16:19.” The phrase Cross Keys does not appear in the verse.
No one seems to know much about the Cross Keys restaurant. The GSU picture is dated November 8, 1951. A postcard gives the address as 237 Peachtree Street, and has the address of a CKR in Nashville. The Nashville restaurant is mentioned in a WSB-TV film from May 13, 1963. “… African American students protest segregation at two restaurants in town. … a white doorman outside the Cross Keys Restaurant. African American students march on the sidewalk … where police forcefully push the demonstrators away and let white people through the crowds.”
Pictures today are from The Library of Congress. Two articles were quoted in this post: Going way back to Cross Keys. Every few years I tell story of name, ‘Cross Keys,’ so our community doesn’t forget. The second story has a comment by Mr. Bear. Several links in this story no longer work.
Chamblee54 
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